The network layer transfers user messages from a source host to a destination host. In TCP/IP, the heart and soul of this layer is the Internet Protocol, which is the IP of TCP/IP. IP receives data ...
Ethernet is a layer 2 data link protocol that is widely used with the TCP/IP protocol, which resides at layers 3 and 4. To understand network communications, it is essential to learn about the ...
Layer 3 establishes the route between sender and receiver across switching points, which are typically routers. The most ubiquitous example is the IP protocol in TCP/IP (see TCP/IP). IPX ...
A top-down exploration of networking using the 5-layer model and the TCP/IP stack. HTTP, FTP, DNS, BSD Sockets, concurrent servers, checksums, reliable transport with stop-and-wait, go-back-n, ...